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Close up, you'll see that a sunspot has a central dark area—called the umbra, which appears dark because it's cooler than the rest of the Sun's surface—with some lighter spots, and that center is surrounded by a lighter filamentary area, called the penumbra, that flows outward

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From Google
"Sunspots are temporary phenomena on the photosphere of the Sun that appear as dark spotscompared with surrounding regions. They are areas of reduced surface temperature caused by concentrations of magnetic field flux that inhibit convection. Sunspots usually appear in pairs of opposite magnetic polarity."

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