Choose the 200 kg refrigerator. set the applied force to 400 n (to the right). be sure friction is turned off. what is the net force acting on the refrigerator?

Forces along the y-axis The forces that usually act on an object vertically (in the y-axis) are: gravitational force which is a downward force and the normal force which is an upward (perpendicular) force exerted by a surface on an object resting above it that keeps the object from falling.
Forces along the x-axis These include the force or forces applied to cause a left or right motion of an object along the horizontal plane (called the Applied Force) and the force that opposes the motion or friction.

In this problem the forces acting on the x and y - axes can be determined:

Along the x-axis:

gravitational force = -1960 N
normal force = +1960 N
Net force = -1960 N + 1960 N = 0

The gravitational force is the weight of the object obtained by multiplying the mass of the object (in kg) with the acceleration due to gravity, 9.8 m/s^2. It is given a negative (-) sign to indicate that it is a downward force.

Since the object is not falling through the surface, it can be assumed that the gravitational force and normal force are balanced. Hence, the size of the normal force is the same as the gravitational force but with the opposite direction indicated by the + sign for an upward force.

The forces along the x-axis are balanced (i.e. net force is zero) so the object neither moves upward or downward.

Along the y-axis

applied force = +400 N
friction = 0
Net force = +400 N + 0 = +400 N

The applied force is +400 N. It is given a + sign to indicate that its direction is to the right.

The friction, as mentioned in the problem, is set to zero or "turned off".

The net force along the y-axis is +400. The forces are unbalanced so the object will move to the right as force is applied to it.

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Keywords: net force, resultant force

adityaso adityaso · Answer 2 · 2019-08-23T12:12:44+02:00

The net force acting on the refrigerator is [tex]\fbox{400\,{\text{N}}}[/tex].

Further Explanation:

The net force acting on a body is the sum of all the force that are acted on the body considering the direction of action of the force. In other words, the net force acting on a body is the vector sum of all the forces acting on the body.

Given:

The mass of the refrigerator is [tex]200\,{\text{kg}}[/tex].

The force acting on the refrigerator is [tex]400\,{\text{N}}[/tex].

The friction on the surface is turned off.

Concept:

The refrigerator is kept on the floor and the friction on the floor is turned off. It means that there is no force opposing the motion of the refrigerator on the floor.

The different forces acting on the refrigerator areas shown in the figure attached.

There are the forces acting on the refrigerator in the vertical as well as in the horizontal direction. So, the net force acting on the refrigerator will be in horizontal as well as in the vertical direction.

Net force in vertical direction:

The forces acting on the refrigerator in the vertical direction are the weight of refrigerator acting vertically downward and the normal reaction on the refrigerator acting in the vertically upward direction.

The weight of the refrigerator is given by:

[tex]\fbox{\bf\ W = mg}[/tex]

Here, [tex]W[/tex] is the weight of the refrigerator, [tex]m[/tex] is the mass of the refrigerator and [tex]g[/tex] is the acceleration due to gravity.

Consider the value of Acceleration due to gravity to be [tex]9.8\,{{\text{ m}}\mathord{\left/{\vphantom{{\text{m}}{{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}}}} \right.\kern-\nulldelimiterspace}{{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}}}[/tex].

Substitute [tex]200\,{\text{kg}}[/tex] for [tex]m[/tex] and [tex]9.8\,{{\text{ m}}\mathord{\left/{\vphantom{{\text{m}}{{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}}}}\right.\kern-\nulldelimiterspace}{{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}}}[/tex] for [tex]g[/tex] in above expression.

[tex]\begin{aligned}W&=\left({200\,{\text{kg}}}\right)\left({9.8\,{{\text{m}}\mathord{\left/{\vphantom{{\text{m}}{{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}}}}\right.\kern-\nulldelimiterspace}{{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}}}}\right)\\&=1960\,{\text{N}}\\\end{aligned}[/tex]

The normal reaction on the refrigerator is the reaction force of the ground acting on the refrigerator. It is equal to the amount of force applied by the refrigerator on the ground. Therefore, the normal reaction acting on the refrigerator in the vertically upward direction is equal to the weight of the refrigerator but acting in opposite direction.

The net force on the refrigerator acting in the vertical direction is:

[tex]{F_v} = W - N[/tex]

Here, [tex]{F_v}[/tex] is the net force acting in vertical direction and [tex]N[/tex] is the normal reaction on the refrigerator.

Substitute the value of [tex]W[/tex] and [tex]N[/tex] in above expression.

[tex]\begin{aligned}{F_v}&=1960\,{\text{N}}-1960\,{\text{N}}\\&=0\,{\text{N}}\\\end{aligned}[/tex]

So, the net force acting on the refrigerator in vertical direction is [tex]0 N[/tex].

Net force in horizontal direction:

Since the friction on the surface is turned off, there will be no opposing force to stop the motion of the refrigerator. The opposing force of friction acting on the refrigerator will be zero.

Friction force [tex]f=0\,{\text{N}}[/tex]

The force acting on the refrigerator is acting to make the refrigerator move. The applied force on the refrigerator is [tex]400\,{\text{N}}[/tex].

Applied force [tex]F=400\,{\text{N}}[/tex]

The net horizontal force acting on the refrigerator is:

[tex]\begin{aligned}{F_h}&=400\,{\text{N}}-0\,{\text{N}}\\&=4{\text{00}}\,{\text{N}}\\\end{aligned}[/tex]

Therefore, there is no net force on the refrigerator in the vertical direction and the net force on the refrigerator in the horizontal direction is [tex]\fbox{400\,{\text{N}}}[/tex].

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Answer Details:

Grade: High School

Subject: Physics

Chapter: Force

Keywords:

Force, horizontal, vertical, weight, normal reaction, direction, net force, refrigerator, 400 N, 400N, applied force, normal, friction, gravity, acceleration.