The concentration of the H₂SO₄ is 0.20 M. Titration is a technique used to determine the concentration of an unknown solution through its reaction with another substance. An example of the reactions that are used in titration are acid-base reactions. At the equivalence point, the number of moles of the acid are equal to the number of moles of the base. A color change is observed and the resulting solution is neutral.
The chemical equation for the reaction given is:
H₂SO₄ + 2 LiOH → Li₂SO₄ + 2 H₂O
From the reaction it can be seen that the ratio of the acid and base is 1:2. For every mole of acid neutralized, two moles of the base is used.
To determine the concentration of acid neutralized, remember that at the equivalence point, the number of moles of acid is stoichiometrically equivalent to the moles of base.
Therefore,
[tex]moles \ of \ base \ = (0.12 \frac{mol}{L} )(0.0836 L)\\moles \ of \ base \ = 0.010032 mol[/tex]
[tex]moles \ of \ acid = 0.010032 \ mol \ LiOH \times \frac{1 \ mol \ H_2SO_4}{2 \ mol \ LiOH}\\ \\\boxed {moles \ of \ acid \ = 5.016 \times 10^{-3} \ mol \ H_2SO_4}[/tex]
To get the concetration of the acid in M, use the the equation below:
[tex]Molarity (M) = \frac{mole \ solute}{volume \ solution (in L)}\\[/tex]
To get the molarity of the sulfuric acid:
[tex]concentration = \frac{5.017 \times 10^{-3} \ mol \ H_2SO_4}{0.025 \ L}\\\\\boxed {concentration = 0.20064 \frac{mol}{L} \ or \ 0.20064 \ M}[/tex]
Since the least number of significant figures in the given is 2, then the final answer must be:
[tex]\boxed {\boxed {concentration \ of \ acid \ = 0.20 \ M \ H_2SO_4}}[/tex]
Keywords: titration, acid-base reaction
The concentration of the H₂SO₄ solution is 0.20 M
The correct answer to the question is 0.20 M.
We'll begin by calculating the number of mole of LiOH in 83.6 mL of 0.12 M LiOH solution.
Volume = 83.6 mL = 83.6 / 1000 = 0.0836 L
Molarity of LiOH = 0.12 M
Mole = Molarity × Volume
Mole of LiOH = 0.12 × 0.0836
Next, we shall determine the number of mole of H₂SO₄ needed to react with 0.010032 mole of LiOH.
2LiOH + H₂SO₄ —> Li₂SO₄ + 2H₂O
From the balanced equation above,
2 moles of LiOH reacted with 1 mole of H₂SO₄.
Therefore,
0.010032 mole of LiOH will react with = [tex]\frac{0.010032}{2} \\\\[/tex] = 0.005016 mole of H₂SO₄.
Finally, we shall determine the molaity of the H₂SO₄ solution.
Mole of H₂SO₄ = 0.005016 mole
Volume = 25 mL = 25 / 1000 = 0.025 L
Molarity = mole / Volume
Molarity of H₂SO₄ = 0.005016 / 0.025
Thus, the concentration of the H₂SO₄ solution is 0.20 M
The correct answer to the question is 0.20 M.
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