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Select the statements below that are associated with Einstein's special theory of relativity?
1) Time dilation
2) Length contraction
3) Mass-energy equivalence
4) Newton's laws of motion

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Time dilation, length contraction, and mass-energy equivalence are all associated with Einstein's Special Theory of Relativity. In this theory, Einstein introduced the concepts of time dilation, length contraction, and the idea that the laws of physics are the same for all people of the same motion. To back this up, he also introduced the equation E = mc², which emphasized the equivalence of mass and energy. His ideas have led to an increase in our knowledge of space, time, and its relation to what physics currently defines.

Final answer:

The statements associated with Einstein's special theory of relativity are time dilation, length contraction, and mass-energy equivalence.

Explanation:

The statements associated with Einstein's special theory of relativity are:

  1. Time dilation: This refers to the fact that time appears to move slower for objects that are moving relative to an observer. The closer an object's speed approaches the speed of light, the more time dilation occurs.
  2. Length contraction: This is the phenomenon where the length of an object appears to contract in the direction of its motion when its speed approaches the speed of light.
  3. Mass-energy equivalence: According to Einstein's famous equation E = mc^2, mass and energy are interchangeable. This means that a small amount of mass can be converted into a large amount of energy, and vice versa.

Newton's laws of motion, on the other hand, are not directly associated with Einstein's special theory of relativity.

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