Part 1:
Proportion: 1/2 per foot.
Solve: The tree is 10 feet tall.
Solution in a sentence: To solve this, you take the shadows length, and double it to get objects actual height.
Part 2:
Proportion: 2 male horses to 3 female horses
Solve: There are 18 Female Horses.
Soulution in a Sentence: To solve this, you take the amount of male horses, divide it in half, then multiply it by 3 to get the answer.
Part 3:
Proportion: 3 drops to every 4 pints of water.
Solve: There are twelve drops in the 16 pints of water.
Solution: Every four pints of water, there is three drops. So you take the sixteen pints, divide it by four. Then, multiply it by three to get you answer.