How does a vertical seawall accelerate coastal erosion? More than one answer may be correct, choose all of the correct answers.
a. The wall deflect the water, reduce undercutting and prevent the wall from being undermined.
b. The steep profile causes waves to break as they hit the wall, causing water to overtop the structure and erode the other side.
c. The wall absorbs or dissipates the wave energy before it hits shore.
d. After hitting the wall, the water returns along the bottom of the structure, scouring sediment and eroding the foot of the wall.