Explanation:
In Nigeria, the legal framework for collective bargaining is primarily governed by the Trade Unions Act of 2004 and the Labour Act of 2004. These laws provide the legal basis for workers to form trade unions and engage in collective bargaining with employers.
Key provisions of the Trade Unions Act include:
1. Recognition of the right of workers to form trade unions for the promotion and protection of their interests.
2. Establishment of the Registrar of Trade Unions responsible for registering trade unions and overseeing their activities.
3. Regulations regarding the constitution and governance of trade unions, including rules on membership, leadership, and accountability.
4. Provisions for the registration and deregistration of trade unions, as well as the resolution of disputes related to union registration.
The Labour Act of 2004 also contains important provisions related to collective bargaining, including:
1. Recognition of the right of workers to join trade unions and engage in collective bargaining with employers.
2. Regulations regarding the negotiation, conclusion, and enforcement of collective agreements between trade unions and employers.
3. Provisions for the settlement of disputes arising from collective bargaining, including procedures for conciliation, mediation, and arbitration.
4. Prohibition of unfair labour practices by both employers and trade unions, including discrimination, victimization, and interference with the right to organize and bargain collectively.
In addition to these laws, specific sectors or industries may have their own regulations governing collective bargaining, such as the National Joint Industrial Councils (NJICs) established for certain sectors of the economy.
Overall, the legal framework for collective bargaining in Nigeria aims to promote industrial harmony, protect the rights of workers, and facilitate the resolution of labour disputes through negotiation and dialogue between employers and trade unions.
