What is the total private cost function for producing Volkswagen cars?
a) Internalizing the societal damage by including it in the private cost function: TC(q) = 50 5q2 − 50q + 10p
b) Implementing a carbon tax on each car produced to offset the societal damage caused by pollution
c) Investing in research and development to create more environmentally friendly cars that produce less pollution
d) Setting up partnerships with environmental organizations to mitigate the negative impact of the pollution caused by the cars