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Answer:
The main ingredient found in most hand sanitizers is alcohol, typically either ethanol (ethyl alcohol) or isopropyl alcohol (isopropanol). Here are some facts about the chemical structure of ethanol and isopropyl alcohol:
Ethanol:
- Chemical formula: C2H5OH
- Ethanol consists of two carbon atoms (C), six hydrogen atoms (H), and one oxygen atom (O).
- It is a simple alcohol compound.
- Ethanol is a clear, colorless liquid with a characteristic odor.
- It is flammable and volatile.
- Ethanol is commonly produced by fermentation of sugars by yeast or through chemical synthesis.
Isopropyl alcohol:
- Chemical formula: C3H8O
- Isopropyl alcohol consists of three carbon atoms (C), eight hydrogen atoms (H), and one oxygen atom (O).
- It is also known as isopropanol or rubbing alcohol.
- Isopropyl alcohol is a colorless liquid with a strong odor.
- It is flammable and evaporates quickly.
- Isopropyl alcohol is commonly produced by hydration of propylene or by hydrogenation of acetone.
Both ethanol and isopropyl alcohol are effective at killing bacteria and viruses when used in hand sanitizers. They work by denaturing the proteins in microorganisms, ultimately leading to their inactivation. Additionally, these alcohols have antiseptic properties and are widely used as disinfectants in healthcare settings and for personal hygiene.
