Answer:
By removing the outlier value of 42 from the given dataset, the effect on the dataset can be observed in terms of measures of central tendency (mean, median) and measures of dispersion (range, standard deviation).
Before removing the outlier:
Dataset: 2, 5, 12, 15, 19, 4, 6, 11, 16, 18, 12, 12, 42
After removing the outlier:
Dataset: 2, 5, 12, 15, 19, 4, 6, 11, 16, 18, 12, 12
1. Mean: The outlier value of 42 has a significant impact on the mean value. Removing it will result in a lower mean value for the dataset.
2. Median: The outlier value of 42, being extremely different from the other values, affects the median by pulling it towards the higher end of the data. Removing the outlier will result in a lower median value.
3. Range: The range is the difference between the highest and lowest values in the dataset. The outlier value of 42 is the highest value in the original dataset. Removing it will reduce the range of the dataset.
4. Standard Deviation: The presence of an outlier can greatly influence the standard deviation, as it measures the spread of the data. Removing the outlier value of 42 will likely decrease the standard deviation.
In summary, removing the outlier value of 42 will generally result in lower values for the mean, median, range, and standard deviation. The dataset will exhibit reduced measures of central tendency and dispersion.
