Respuesta :
The protons in an nucleus of an atom will not change unless a nuclear reaction takes place. The number of protons is equal to the atomic number of the element. For a neutral atom, the number of electrons and protons are equal. When they are unequal, then the atom occurs as an ion. It will has a net charge with it. The ion O²⁻ has a net charge of negative positive 2 because it has 2 more electrons than its protons. Since neutral oxygen has 8 protons, then O²⁻ ion has 8 protons and 10 electrons.
The Oxygen ion (O2-) has 8 protons and 10 electrons
Further Explanation
An atom
- An atom is defined as the smallest particle of an element that can take part in a chemical reaction.
- Atoms are made of energy shells and the inner nucleus.
- It is also made up of subatomic particles, protons and neutrons.
Neutrons
- They are sub-atomic particles in an atom that are found in the nucleus of an atom.
- The number of protons and neutrons in a nucleus of an atom results to the atomic mass number of an atom.
Protons
- Protons are subatomic particles that are found in the nucleus of an atom.
- The number of protons differ from one element to another and thus used as the atomic number of an individual element.
Electrons
- They are found orbiting the nucleus on energy shells based on Clouds’ theory.
- The number of electrons and protons in a neutral atom are equal.
- Electrons are the only sub-atomic particles that take part in chemical reactions.
Ions
- Ions are formed as a result of gaining or loosing of electrons by a atom to attain a stable configuration based on the octet rule.
Cations
- Cations are type of ions that are formed when an atom looses electrons to form a stable configuration. Cations are positively charged.
- For example, a neutral sodium atom (Na) looses one electron to form sodium ion (Na+) which is a cation.
- Which means, a neutral sodium atom has 11 electrons and 11 protons while a sodium ion has 10 electrons and 11 protons.
Anions
- Anions are type of ions that are formed when an atom of an element gains electrons. They are negatively charged.
- For example, a neutral oxygen atom (O) gains two electrons to form oxygen ion (O2-) which is an anion.
- Therefore, a neutral oxygen atom has 8 electrons and 8 protons while an oxygen ion has 10 electrons and 8 protons.
Keywords: Atom, sub-atomic particles, electrons, protons, neutrons, ions, anions cations
Learn more about:
- Sub-atomic particles: https://brainly.com/question/5468892
- Electrons: https://brainly.com/question/5468892
- Protons: https://brainly.com/question/5468892
- Neutrons: https://brainly.com/question/5468892
Level: High school
Subject: Chemistry
Topic: Atomic structure
Sub-topic: Ion formation
