Respuesta :
Answer:
During anaerobic cellular respiration in skeletal muscles, pyruvic acid produced by glycolysis is converted into lactic acid.
The glycolysis is the process by which one molecule of glucose is converted into two molecules of pyruvate.
During anaerobic respiration in muscles (such as occurred during exercise) the lactic acid fermentation takes place by which the pyruvate is converted into the lactic acid. The reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme lactic acid dehydrogenase.
Pyruvic acid is produced as a result of the breakdown of glucose through glycolysis. This pyruvic acid is utilized during anaerobic respiration to form lactic acid in the muscles.
Further Explanation:
The cellular respiration involves both aerobic and anaerobic respiration. Both the respirations starts from glycolysis with the formation of pyruvate. The pyruvate either enters the aerobic pathway or anaerobic pathway depending on the condition of the cell.
During aerobic respiration, the cell produces 36 ATP with oxygen as the final acceptor of electrons. It is a process involving multiple steps and includes glycolysis as the initiator process. The pyruvate thus formed is converted into acetyl CoA which then enters the Krebs cycle. In the Krebs cycle, series of reactions occur with the production of ATP, FADH2, and NADH. The electrons from FADH2 and NADH are transported to the electron carriers in the electron transport chain which in turn results in the formation of ATP with the liberation of oxygen.
During anaerobic respiration, glycolysis still occurs as it is oxygen-independent process. Due to the absence of oxygen, the resulting pyruvate cannot enter the Krebs cycle and therefore, undergo the aerobic pathway. The pyruvate breaks down anaerobically to form lactic acid which is a common phenomenon in the muscles during exercise. At the time of exercise, glycogen is the main source of energy which eventually is cleaved to form glucose which finally produces pyruvic acid through glycolysis. The pyruvic acid generally enters the oxidative phase of glycolysis in order to produce ATP but due to the absence of oxygen during excessive exercise the pyruvate enters anaerobic phase. In this phase, lactic acid is produced from pyruvate which is released into the bloodstream. The muscles undergo anaerobic respiration because the energy demand by the cells overpowers the oxygen supply to the cell which is necessary for the production of ATP.
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Answer Details:
Grade: High School
Subject: Biology
Chapter: Cellular Respiration
Keywords:
Cellular respiration, aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration, ATP, glucose, pyruvate, lactic acid, Krebs cycle, glycolysis, glycogen, muscle respiration.
