Respuesta :
If you have an aqueous solution that contains 1.5 moles of HCl, the number of moles of ions in the solution is 3.0 moles.
Further Explanation
Strong acids
- Strong acids are types of acids that undergo complete dissociation to form ions when dissolved in water.
- Examples of such acids are, HCl, H2SO4 and HNO3
- Dissociation of HCl
HCl + H₂O ⇔ H₃O⁺ + OH⁻
Weak acids
- Weak acids are types of acids that undergo incomplete dissociation to form ions when dissolved in water.
- Examples of such acids are acetic acids and formic acids.
- Dissociation of acetic acid
H₃COOH ⇔ CH₃COO⁻ + H⁺; CH₃COO⁻ is a conjugate base of acetic acid.
In this case;
- HCl which is a strong acid that ionizes completely according to the equation;
HCl + H₂O ⇔ H₃O⁺ + OH⁻
- From the equation, 1 mole of HCl produces 1 mole of H₃O⁺ ions and 1 mole of OH⁻ ions.
Therefore;
1.5 moles of HCl will produce;
= 1.5 moles of H₃O⁺ ions and 1.5 moles of OH⁻ ions.
This gives a total number ions of;
= 1.5 + 1.5
= 3 moles of ions
Keywords: Strong acid, weak acid, ions, ionization
Learn more about:
- Strong acid: https://brainly.com/question/3239966
- Weak acid; https://brainly.com/question/3239966
- Ionization of acids and bases: https://brainly.com/question/11844503
Level: High school
Subject: Chemistry
Topic: Salts, Acids and Bases
The correct option is [tex]\boxed{\left( {\text{e}} \right)}[/tex]. The number of moles of ion in the solution is [tex]\boxed{3\;{\text{moles}}}[/tex]
Further Explanation:
An acid is a substance that has the ability to donate [tex]{{\text{H}}^+}[/tex] ions or can accept electrons from the electron-rich species. The acids can be classified into two types as follows:
1. Strong acids
2. Weak acids
1. Strong acids:
The acids that undergo complete dissociation into its constituent ions when dissolved in water are known as strong acids. The pH value of strong acids is lower than pH value of weak acids. Examples of strong acids include HCl, [tex]{\text{HN}}{{\text{O}}_3}[/tex] and [tex]{{\text{H}}_2}{\text{S}}{{\text{O}}_4}[/tex]. The general dissociation reaction of a strong acid is as follows:
[tex]{\text{HA}}+{{\text{H}}_2}{\text{O}}\to {{\text{H}}_3}{{\text{O}}^+}+{{\text{A}}^-}[/tex]
Here, HA is a strong acid.
2. Weak acids:
The acids that undergo partial dissociation into its constituent ions when dissolved in water are known as weak acids. pH value of weak acids is higher than pH value of strong acids. Examples of weak acids include , [tex]{\text{C}}{{\text{H}}_3}{\text{COOH}}[/tex], HCOOH and HCN. The general dissociation reaction of a weak acid is as follows:
[tex]{\text{HB}} + {{\text{H}}_2}{\text{O}} \rightleftharpoons {{\text{H}}_3}{{\text{O}}^+} + {{\text{B}}^ -}[/tex]
Here, HB is a weak acid.
HCl is a strong acid and therefore it dissociates completely into [tex]{{\mathbf{H}}_{\mathbf{3}}}{{\mathbf{O}}^{\mathbf{+}}}[/tex] and [tex]{\mathbf{C}}{{\mathbf{l}}^-}[/tex] ions. The dissociation reaction of HCl is as follows:
[tex]{\text{HCl}}\left( g \right) + {{\text{H}}_2}{\text{O}}\left( l \right) \to {{\text{H}}_3}{{\text{O}}^+}\left( {aq} \right) + {\text{C}}{{\text{l}}^-}\left( {aq} \right)[/tex]
The above chemical equation depicts that one mole of HCl dissociates to give one mole of [tex]{{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}}{{\text{O}}^+}[/tex] ion and one [tex]{\text{C}}{{\text{l}}^-}[/tex] mole of ion. Therefore 1.5 mol of HCl will dissociate to give 1.5 mol of [tex]{{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}}{{\text{O}}^+}[/tex] ions and 1.5 mol of [tex]{\text{C}}{{\text{l}}^-}[/tex] ions.
The total number of moles of ions released from 1.5 mol of HCl in the aqueous solution is the sum of [tex]{{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}}{{\text{O}}^+}[/tex] ions and [tex]{\text{C}}{{\text{l}}^-}[/tex] ions.
[tex]\begin{gathered}{\text{Total moles of ions}} = {\text{ions of }}{{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}}{{\text{O}}^+} + {\text{ions of C}}{{\text{l}}^ - }\\= 1.5\;{\text{moles}} +1.5\;{\text{moles}} \\= {\text{3 moles}} \\ \end{gathered}[/tex]
Hence, the correct option is (e).
Learn more:
1. The reason for the acidity of water https://brainly.com/question/1550328
2. Reason for the acidic and basic nature of amino acid. https://brainly.com/question/5050077
Answer details:
Grade: High School
Subject: Chemistry
Chapter: Acids, bases, and salts
Keywords: Acid, bases, strong acids, pH , weak acids, electron-rich species, dissociation, moles of ions, HCl, H3O+, Cl-.
