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A hydrocarbon is a compound that contains mostly carbon and hydrogen. Calculate the percent composition (by mass) of the following hydrocarbon: C 7 H 16 .

Enter the percentages of carbon and hydrogen numerically to four significant figures, separated by commas.

Respuesta :

mergl
C7H16, where C=12.01, and H=1.01, so the weight of the molecule would be 7(12.01)+16(1.01), or 100.23. The percentage of carbon would be found by ((7*12.01)/100.23)*100=83.88% Carbon
((16*1.01)/100.23)*100=16.12% Hydrogen

The percent composition of carbon in a given hydrocarbon is 83.91%.

The percent composition of hydrogen in a given hydrocarbon is 16.09%.

Given:

The hydrocarbon ,[tex]C_7H_{16}[/tex]

To find:

The percentage composition (by mass) of carbon and hydrogen in the given hydrocarbon.

Solution:

  • The atomic mass of carbon atom =  12.0107 g/mol
  • The atomic mass of hydrogen atom = 1.00784 g/mol

The molecular mass of given hydrocarbon ,[tex]C_7H_{16}[/tex]:

[tex]=7\times 12.0107 g/mol+16\times 1.00784 g/mol=100.20034 g/mol[/tex]

  • Number of carbon atoms in a single molecule of given hydrocarbon = 7

The mass percentage of carbon in given hydrocarbon:

[tex]C\%=\frac{7\times 12.0107 g/mol}{100.20034 g/mol}\times 100=83.9068\%\approx 83.91\%[/tex]

The percent composition of carbon in a given hydrocarbon is 83.91%.

  • Number of hydrogen atoms in a single molecule of given hydrocarbon = 16

The mass percentage of hydrogen in given hydrocarbon:

[tex]H\%=\frac{16\times 1.00784 g/mol}{100.20034 g/mol}\times 100=16.0932\%\approx 16.09\%[/tex]

The percent composition of hydrogen in a given hydrocarbon is 16.09%.

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