well, in 2000 it was 281.4
in 2010 it went up to 308.7
308.7 - 281.4 = 27.3
so, if we take 281.4 to be the 100%, how much is 27.3 off of it in percentage then?
[tex]\bf \begin{array}{ccll}
amount&\%\\
\text{\textemdash\textemdash\textemdash}&\text{\textemdash\textemdash\textemdash}\\
281.4&100\\
27.3&p
\end{array}\implies \cfrac{281.4}{27.3}=\cfrac{100}{p}\implies p=\cfrac{27.3\cdot 100}{281.4}[/tex]