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In 1961, the United States gave material support to a group of rebels that promised to overthrow Castro. This effort, called the Bay of Pigs invasion, was a disastrous failure. It was a huge embarrassment for the United States when it was discovered. The effort, however, only made Castro more paranoid. Rather than deliver on the freedoms he promised, he became more tyrannical.
Cuba and the Cold War
Naturally, Castro also became a strong opponent of the US and US policies. As such, he began looking to build a relationship with the global enemy of the US at that time, the Soviet Union. The United States had been fighting Soviet influence around the world since the end of World War II. This was called the Cold War, and Castro jumped right into it by making Cuba an ally of the Soviet Union. This greatly frightened those in the United States because Cuba was so close.
Tension between the US and Cuba increased rapidly after the Bay of Pigs invasion. Then, in September of 1962 US spy planes captured pictures of Soviet nuclear missile sites being built in Cuba. This discovery brought the United States to the brink of nuclear war. This event earned the name Cuban Missile Crisis. Both sides backed down and the Soviets removed the missiles. The US promised to not overthrow Castro. The US mostly kept its promise, but the relationship between Cuba and the US was now seemingly irreparable.
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