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Jean-Baptiste Lamarck is the researcher who developed the theory of use or disuse, also called the theory of acquired characteristics.  Jean-Baptiste Lamarck is a French biologist, Lamarck founded a school of French Transformationism which included Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, and which corresponded with a radical British school of anatomy based in the extramural anatomy schools in Edinburgh, Scotland, which included the surgeon Robert Knox and the comparative anatomist Robert Edmond Grant.

Lamarck developed the theory of acquired characteristics