So, if the dimension 10.5 is referring to the 8.5 *11 in piece of paper, and it is the longer dimension- we could say that:
11- 10.5= .5 inches was taken off. Or, 1/22 of the paper length was not used.
Into a decimal, that's .045 repeating.
Multiply 8.5 by that,
8.5*0.045= 0.386 ( rounded to nearest tenth) 0.4
Subtract from 8.5- 0.4= 8.1 inches.
Hope this helps!