1.Catastrophism was the theory that the Earth had largely been shaped by sudden, short-lived, violent events, possibly worldwide in scope. This was in contrast to uniformitarianism (sometimes described as gradualism), in which slow incremental changes, such as erosion, created all the Earth's geological features.
2. Superposition: The most basic concept used in relative dating is the law of superposition. Simply stated, each bed in a sequence of sedimentary rocks (or layered volcanic rocks) is younger than the bed below it and older than the bed above it.
3. Anunconformity occurs when there is erosion of rock and then new sedimentary rock is deposited on top. It it called an unconformity because the ages of the rocks are discontinuous at the unconformity.
4.The number of nucleons (both protons and neutrons) in the nucleus is the atom's mass number, and eachisotope of a given element has a different mass number.
5.Radiometric dating is a method used to date rocks and other objects based on the known decay rate of radioactive isotopes. The decay rate is referring to radioactive decay, which is the process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy by releasing radiation. ... There are different methods of radiometric dating.
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