The answer is rodents. Rats have a long account in medical research: they were the first mammalian class exactly tame to be used in the laboratory.
Records going back to the 1850s show these animals were came from those bred by rat fanciers who collected them for their sole coat colors and behavioral features.
The achievement of the rat in investigation today has been related to the Wistar Institute in America and their growth of the Wistar albino strain.