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Let's say you're given rectangular coordinates in the form of (x, y)

Polar coordinates are presented in the form (A, θ) where A is the distance of the point from the origin, and θ is the angle the point makes with the positive x-axis.

To calculate A, you take:

[tex]A = \sqrt{x^{2} + y^{2}} [/tex]

To calculate θ, you take:

[tex]\theta = tan^{-1}(\frac{y}{x})[/tex]
Given  coordinates (x, y)  

Polar coordinates = (r, α)   where r = distance between (x,y) and the origin and α
is the angle between this line and x axis.

r = sqrt (x^2 + y^2)   and α = arctan (y/x)    (arctan being the angle whose tangent is y/x)

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