1. Dramatic Irony – This term is used to describe the
occurrence or situation when the audience knows something that the characters
do not know. Dramatic Irony is one of the three types of irony; the other two
types being: situational irony and verbal irony.
2. Tragedy – A tragedy is a play that is dealing with a
serious subject. This is quite difference from a straight drama, in that a
straight drama does not necessarily end in disaster, while a tragedy usually
has a sad ending or ends on a down note.
3. Pyramid-shaped - The pyramid-shaped plot is the most straightforward and
traditional form of plot structure. Plot
refers to the literary element that gives description to the structure of a
story. Other forms of plot are Aristotle’s unified plot, Freytag’s plot
structure, and Modified plot structure.
4. Parody – A parody can simply be described as a literary
work that imitates the style of another writer, artist, genre and the likes.
Such imitations are usually exaggerated deliberately to produce a comic effect
or in ridicule of the original piece.
5. Climax - This is the term that describes the highest
point of rising action parody. It is usually the turning point in the play; it
is the most intense moment of the story (either mentally of in action). Climax
is one of the five plot components, the other four being: Exposition, Rising Action,
Falling Action, and Resolution.
6. Prologue – This is the term that refers to the
introduction to a play (literary work or musical work). It usually offers an
opening to a story, with the aim of establishing the context and/or giving some
background details and other relevant miscellaneous information.
7. Epilogue – This term refers to the ending of a play,
usually a brief speech spoken directly to the audience at the end of a
play. The epilogue is customarily used to bring closure to the
work. It serves as a comment on the story or a conclusion to what has happened.
8. Catharsis – This term refers to the cleansing
of emotions (most especially pity and fear) by using certain kinds of art (e.g.
a play or music). The word Catharsis is from the Greek word, “
katharsis" which is literally translated to mean
"purification" or "cleansing".
