what is the average rate of change from x=1 to x=3

The average rate of change from [tex]x=1[/tex] to [tex]x=3[/tex] is [tex]2[/tex].
The average rate of change of a curve is termed as Slope of the curve between any two points.
Here, at [tex]x=1[/tex] the value of [tex]y=-3[/tex] and at [tex]x=3[/tex] the value of [tex]y=1[/tex].
Now, use the general formula to evaluate the slope of the curve between two points as-
[tex]m=\dfrac{y_2-y_1}{x_2-x_1}\\m=\dfrac{1-(-3)}{3-1}\\m=2[/tex]
Hence, the average rate of change from [tex]x=1[/tex] to [tex]x=3[/tex] is [tex]2[/tex].
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