The answer is conflict subculture. If a juvenile joins a gang in which he achieves his status through violence and toughness, then he is included in the conflict subculture.
EXPLANATION
Cloward and Ohlin believe in the differential opportunity theory. They made this theory explain that there are different kinds of criminal subcultures in America. People will want to achieve goals. Some people achieve goals through socially acceptable ways, but there are also differential opportunity structures that can be achieved through gang membership. Cloward and Ohlin believe that there are three kinds of deviant subculture:
1. Criminal subculture
In these subcultures, people can do organized crimes. People can be career criminals who socialize with other youths to join their criminal careers. This act can eventually result in material success.
2. Conflict subculture
This type of subculture is not an organized one, meanwhile, it was made by young people themselves. This type of gang claims its territory. They believe that having a lot of territories means a lot of power.
3. Retreats subculture
In this subculture, the people who are not able to have the legitimate or illegitimate opportunity have the possibility to drop out together but also have the possibility to be in a group together. These groups might end up doing drugs, etc.
The question stated that a juvenile joins a gang in which he achieves his status through violence and toughness, then he is included in the conflict subculture.
LEARN MORE
If you’re interested in learning more about this topic, we recommend you to also take a look at the following questions:
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KEYWORD: differential opportunity, gang, conflict subculture, retreats subculture, criminal subculture
Subject: Social Studies
Class: 10-12
Subchapter: Theory of Differential Opportunity
