The right answer is Jahangir, son of the Mughal emperor Akbar. He changed his name, Muhammad Sultan Salim, after he became emperor. Jahangir conceded English trade concessions after the representation of maritime force, first against Portugal and later against other Europeans competitors, and via gifts. Those were important aspect of early diplomacy with the Mughal Court. The goal of a treaty, which the English sought, was impossible to obtain from the start.The Mughals did not sign treaties, and no real agreement was lasting that did not have to do with war. Instead, the Mughal Emperors and Princes gave firmans. Firmans were royal favors and as such were neither binding nor lasting.93 Firmans could be changed on a whim, causing problems when the Emperor was very fickle, as Jahangir was. Also, as the firman was a royal favor from one Emperor or Prince, if that Emperor or Prince died or the Prince fell from favor, the firman’s authority became mute.
