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A) explain the difference between silent, missense and frameshift mutations,
b.rank them in the order of the most likely to be deleterious to the least likely to have an effect.
c.provide your reasoning for the ranking.

Respuesta :

Silent mutations: which code for the same amino acid.
Missense mutations: which code for a different amino acid.
Nonsense mutations: which code for a stop and can truncate the protein.

A. The mutation that result in production of same amino acid is called silent mutation. The mutation that result in production of different amino acid is called missense mutation. The mutation due to addition or deletion of nucleotides in a sequence is called frameshift mutation.

B. The order of the mutations most likely to be deleterious to the least likely to have an effect is frameshift, missense and silent mutation.

C. Frameshift mutation result in the insertion or deletion of amino acids which will results in production of different types of amino acids that has different functions, missense mutation results in production of different amino acids which changes the amino acid sequence of a protein and silent mutation codes for same amino acid and does not affect the amino acid sequence of a protein.

What is mutation?

  • "A changes/alteration in nitrogenous bases sequence of DNA that can results in changes in the genotype and phenotype of an organism is known as mutation."
  • A change in only single base pair of DNA is called point mutation.
  • Mutation can be caused by: insertion (addition of base pair in DNA sequence), deletion (removal of base pair in DNA sequence), inversion (reverse attachment of base pair in DNA sequence) and translocation.
  • Deletion and insertion of nucleotides result in the shift of frame for reading a codon, so this is called frame shift mutation.
  • A changes in nucleotide which results in the production of same amino acids and does not have any effect is called silent mutation.
  • A change in the nucleotide that result in the production of different amino acids which effects the amino acid sequence of protein is called missense mutation.

Hence, frameshift mutation is most likely to be deleterious followed by missense mutation and silent mutation (least likely to have an effect).

To know more about mutation here

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