Equation of reaction:
2 Na + Cl₂ → 2 NaCl
Oxidation States:
L.H.S R.H.S
O.N of Na = 0 +1 = O.N of Na in NaCl
O.N of Cl = 0 -1 = O.N of Cl in NaCl
Oxidation Reaction:
In this reaction O.S of Na is changing from 0 to +1 state, means it has oxidized with a loss of 1 electron,
Na → Na⁺ + e⁻
Reduction Reaction:
In this reaction O.S of Cl is changing from 0 to -1 state, means it has reduced with a gain of 1 electron per atom,
Cl₂ + 2e⁻ → 2Cl⁻
Oxidizing Agent:
In this reaction Cl is oxidizing agent as it has gain electron from sodium and has oxidized Na to Na⁺.
Reducing Agent:
In this reaction Na is reducing agent as it has given electron to chlorine and has reduced Cl to Cl⁻.
