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Comets are small, irregularly shaped bodies in the solar system composed mainly of ice and dust that typically measure a few kilometers across. They travel around the sun in very elliptical orbits that bring them very close to the Sun, and then send them out past Neptune. There are two categories of comet, based on the amount of time they take to orbit the Sun. Short-period comets take less than 200 years, and long-period comets take over 200 years, with some taking 100,000 to 1 million years to orbit the Sun. The short-period comets are found near the ecliptic, which means they are orbiting the Sun in same plane as the planets. The short-period comets are thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt, an area outside Neptune's orbit (from about 30 to 50 AU) that has many icy comet-like objects. The long-period comets tend to have orbits that are randomly oriented, and not necessarily anywhere near the ecliptic. They are thought to originate in the Oort cloud. The Oort cloud has never been observed, but is believed to have at least 1012icy objects located between 3000 AU and 100,000 AU in a spherical distribution around the Sun.
Comets are small, irregularly shaped bodies in the solar system that are mostly made of ice and dust and measure only a few kilometers in diameter.
What did comits do?
They orbit the sun in elliptical orbits that bring them quite close to the Sun before launching them past Neptune.
Comets are divided into two types based on how long it takes them to orbit the Sun. Short-period comets orbit the Sun in fewer than 200 years, while long-period comets take over 200 years to round the Sun, with some taking 100,000 to 1 million years.
The Kuiper Belt is where the short-period comets are assumed to have formed.
Long-period comets have orbits that are randomly oriented, and aren't always aligned with the ecliptic. It's suspected that they came from the Oort cloud. The Oort cloud has never been seen, but it is thought to contain at least 1012 ice objects distributed in a spherical pattern around the Sun between 3000 and 100,000 AU.
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