Respuesta :

transitionstate
Balance chemical equation is as follow,
 
                                     P₄  +  10 Cl₂   →    4 PCl₅

First find moles for given masses of P₄ and Cl₂.

For P₄:
                            Moles  =  Mass / M.mass
       
                            Moles  =  26 g / 123.88 g/mol
     
                            Moles  =  0.209 moles

For Cl₂:
                            Moles  =  50 g / 70.9 g/mol

                            Moles  =  0.70 moles

According to balance equation,

                        For 1 mole of P₄  =  10 moles of Cl₂ is required
So,
               For 0.209 moles of P₄  =  X moles of Cl₂ is reuired

Solving for X,
                              X  =  (0.209 mol × 10 mol) ÷ 1 mol

                              X  =  2.09 mol of Cl₂

But we are provided only with 0.70 moles of Cl₂, means Cl₂ is a limiting reactant, and controls the yield of PCl₅, So,
When,
                         709 g of Cl₂ produced  =  832.88 g of PCl₅
Then,
                       50 g of Cl₂ will produce  =  X g of PCl₅

Solving for X,
                                        X  =  (50 g × 832.88 g) ÷ 709 g

                                        X  =  58.73 g of PCl₅
ardni313

PCl₅ mass = 58.73 g

Further explanation

The reaction equation is the chemical formula of reactants and products

A reaction coefficient is a number in the chemical formula of a substance involved in the reaction equation. The reaction coefficient is useful for equalizing reactants and products

Reaction

P₄ + 10 Cl₂ → 4 PCl₅

We look for moles of each reactant so we can determine the limiting of the reactants

  • mole P₄

mass 26.0 g

molar mass: 123.9

mole = mass : molar mass

mole = 26 : 123.9

mole: 0.2114

  • mole Cl₂

mass 50 g

molar mass: 71

mole = mass : molar mass

mole = 50 : 71

mole: 0.7042

From the coefficient of the equation above, it shows that the ratio of mol P₄: mol Cl₂ = 1:10

A method that can be used to find limiting reactants is to divide the number of moles of known substances by their respective coefficients, and small or exhausted reactans become a limiting reactants

ratio P₄: 0.2114: 1  = 0.2114

ratio Cl₂: 0.7042: 10 = 0.07042

Because Cl₂ ratio smaller then Cl₂ becomes the limiting  reactants

So mole PCl₅ is based on mole Cl₂

From the coefficient of reaction: mol PCl₅: mol Cl₂ = 4: 10

then mole PCl₅ = 4/10 x 0.7042 = 0.28168

molar mass PCl₅= 208.5

mass PCl₅ = mole x molar mass

PCl₅ mass = 0.28168 x 208.5

PCl₅ mass = 58.73 g

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