Answer: Option (d) is the correct answer.
Explanation:
Species which contain same number of protons but different number of neutrons are known as isotope.
For example, [tex]^{1}_{1}H[/tex] and [tex]^{3}_{1}H[/tex] are isotopes.
More is the mass of particle colliding with the isotope more will be the change in mass of an isotope due to emission of a heavier particle.
As alpha ([tex]^{4}_{2}He[/tex]) particle is heavier then a neutron, positron and gamma particles.
For example, [tex]^{14}_{7}N + ^{4}_{2}He \rightarrow ^{17}_{8}O[/tex]
Therefore, we can conclude that alpha particle changes the mass of the isotope the most.
