The correct answer is A, advertising trains people to associate the product with positive emotions. In classical conditioning, a stimulus that already produces a particular response is paired with a new stimulus until the new stimulus produces the same response. In the example of Pavlov's dogs, food automatically produced drooling in the dogs, with no learning required. After pairing a bell with food a few times, Pavlov found the bell produced drooling by itself because the dogs learned to associate the bell and food. For advertising, something that already produces positive emotions (attractive images of beautiful people, landscapes, food, etc) is paired with the new product. After enough pairings, seeing the product itself produces those same positive emotions.
