Answer:
A) altering the nucleotide sequence of the DNA fragment
Explanation:
Gel electrophoresis is a technique to separate the DNA fragments on the basis of their charges and size. DNA fragments are made to migrate through a gel in an electric field. DNA has nucleotides and the presence of phosphate groups makes it a negatively charged molecule. In the gel electrophoresis, DNA fragment migrates through the gel toward the positive pole. Also, the gel slows down the large molecules more than the small molecules. Therefore, the DNA fragments are separated by size. However, the sequence of the nucleotide of DNA fragments does not affect the rate of their migration in the gel.
Altering the nucleotide sequence of the DNA fragment will least likely
affect the rate at which a DNA fragment moves through a gel during
electrophoresis. This is because it doesn't affect the length or charge in the
fragment.
Gel electrophoresis involves the separation of compounds such as DNA,
RNA etc through the influence of an electric field . The substances are
separated with the movement of the charged ions through a gel according to their molecular size.
Factors such as methylating the cytosine bases within the DNA fragment
which is a post-replicative DNA modification may increase or decrease the
fragment.
Other factors such as decreasing the length of the DNA fragment and
neutralizing the negative charges within the DNA fragment will affect the
rate of the passage of the molecules through the gel.
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