Fats, proteins, and carbohydrates can store different amounts of energy because they have different chemical STRUCTURES and different numbers of energy-storing chemical bonds.
- Carbohydrates and proteins release approximately 4 kilocalories (4000 cal) per gram when they are burned.
- Conversely, fats represent the type of molecule that contains the most energy-storing chemical bonds.
- These molecules (fats) release approximately 9 kilocalories (9000 cal) per gram when they are burned.
- Carbohydrates are composed of subunits called monosaccharides (e.g., glucose) linked by glycosidic bonds.
- Carbohydrates are composed of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds.
- Fats are composed of long fatty acid chains attached to a glycerol backbone.
In conclusion, fats, proteins, and carbohydrates can store different amounts of energy because they have different chemical STRUCTURES and different numbers of energy-storing chemical bonds.
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