Carrying capacity is a constant that equals population size at the equilibrium point. The term that best describes the continued stability of the population is option B, carrying capacity.
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Populations that exhibit the logistic growth model depend on density.
Natality and mortality depend on the population size, meaning that there is no independence between population growth and population density.
When a population grows in a limited space, density rises gradually and eventually affects the multiplication rate.
The population per capita growth rate decreases as population size increases.
The population reaches a maximum point delimited by available resources, such as food or space. This point is known as the carrying capacity, K.
K is a constant that equals population size at the equilibrium point, in which the natality and the mortality rate get equal to each other.
Assuming that population size is N, when
- N<K, the population can still grow.
- N approximates to K, the population´s growth speed decreases.
- N=K the population reaches equilibrium,
- N>K, the population must decrease in size because there are not enough resources to maintain that size.
The sigmoid curve represents the logistic growth model.
The carrying capacity might be affected by different factors, known as limiting factors, which might be a result of the population density (for example, competition) or might be density-independent.
Dense-independent factors might be human impact or natural disasters (fires, volcanic eruption, flooding).
In the exposed example we have a small population of deer that could grow and increase in size because of the absence of its predator.
This deer population exhibited continuous growth until it reached a certain point in which it remained stable.
This point is the carrying capacity.
At this point N = K ⇒ the deer population stoped increasing its size because it reached the environmental maximal capacity.
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