It is sometimes said that "extraordinary claims and theories require extraordinary evidence". (What's meant by "extraordinary evidence" is a great deal of evidence, and what's meant by "extraordinary claims" is claims that are strange or out-of-the-ordinary. So in other words, the claim is that “very strange or out-of-the-ordinary claims or theories require a great deal of evidence before we believe them”.)
Explain how this idea fits our framework of updating and evaluating theories, using all of the following four concepts: prior probability, strength factor, coherence, and simplicity.

Question

10-12-2021
English

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It is sometimes said that "extraordinary claims and theories require extraordinary evidence". (What's meant by "extraordinary evidence" is a great deal of evidence, and what's meant by "extraordinary claims" is claims that are strange or out-of-the-ordinary. So in other words, the claim is that “very strange or out-of-the-ordinary claims or theories require a great deal of evidence before we believe them”.)
Explain how this idea fits our framework of updating and evaluating theories, using all of the following four concepts: prior probability, strength factor, coherence, and simplicity.

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annyksl annyksl · Answer 1 · 2021-12-13T15:16:02+01:00

This idea shows that the study and presentation of new theories must be presented using well-structured, clear, and complete evidence so that it is possible for the theory to be credited.

We can arrive at this answer because:

A theory represents new information that tries to explain an interesting element in the real world.
As the theory explains an element that is often unknown, it must present concrete and understandable evidence that confirms its veracity and allows people to understand the presented information.
For this, the evidence must have a simple and coherent language, which allows the full understanding of the theory by anyone.
The evidence must also have a strength factor, which is the ability to attract the attention of individuals to the subject being addressed.
Finally, the evidence must present prior probability, which is the presentation of a possible result, which was predicted before the data were analyzed.

Thus, we can see that the use of evidence must be done in an orderly manner, with precise characteristics.

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